- Fasanghari, M., Roshan Chesli, R., Allame, Z., Ertezaee, B. Examination of the psychometric properties of the persion version of the scale for existential thinking. Clinical Psychology and Personality, 2020; 18(2): 173-182. https://doi.org/10.22070/cpap.2020.2951.
- Sheldon Solomon, Jeff Greenberg, Tom Pyszczynski. a terror management theory of social behavior: the psychological functions of self-esteem and cultural worldviews. In Zanna MP, editor. advances in experimental social psychology.: Academic Press; 1991. p. 93-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60328-7.
- Schimel, J., Hayes, J., Sharp, M., a consideration of three critical hypothesis. In Routledge C, Vess M. handbook of terror management theory. Oxford: Elsevier; 2019. 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811844-3.00001-9
- Watts, M. Heidegger: A Beginner's Guide: Headway Books; 2001. [In Persian]
- Van Bruggen, V., Vos, J., Westerhof, G., Bohlmeijer, E., Glas, G. systematic review of existential anxiety Instruments. journal of humanistic psychology, 2015; 55(2): 173-201. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167814542048
- Weems, C.F., Costa, N. M., Deho, Ch. Paul Tillich's theory of existential anxiety: A preliminary conceptual and empirical examination. anxiety, stress, & coping: an international journal, 2004; 17(4): 383-399. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800412331318616;
- Cooper, M. Existential therapies: Sage; 2016. [In Persian]
- Koole, S. L., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T. introducing science to the psychology of the soul: experimental existential psychology. curent directions in psychological science, 2006; 15(5): 212-216. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2006. 00438.x
- Van Bruggen, V. assessment of existential anxiety: development and validation of the Existential Concerns Questionnaire (ECQ). In PhD-Thesis - Research and graduation internal; 2018. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. p. chapter1. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22474
- Yalom, I. D. Existential psychotherapy: Hachette UK; 2020. [In Persian]
- Tillich, P. The Courage to Be. 2nd ed: Yale University Press; 2000. [In Persian]
- May, R., Angel, E., Ellenberger, H. F. Existence: A new dimension in psychiatry and psychology New York, NY, US: Basic Books/Hachette Book Group; 1958. [In Persian]
- Sease, Th. B., Cox, C. R., Knight, K. existential isolation and well-being in justice-involved population. Frontiers in Psychology, 2022; 13: 1092313. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1092313
- Kretschmer, M., Storm, L., the relationships of the five existential concerns with depression and existential thinking. international journal of existential psychology & psychotherapy, 2018; 7(1): 7-20. https://www.meaning.ca/web/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/216-13-513-4-10-20180704.pdf
- Fromm, E. The escape from freedom: Psychology Press; 2014. [In Persian]
- Munley, P. H; Johnson, Ph. D. Theory and Practice: Ernest Becker: a vital resource for counselling psychology. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 2003; 16(4): 363-372. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070310001636779
- Scimecca, J. A. Cultural Hero Systems and Religious Beliefs: The Ideal-Real Social Science of Ernest Becker. Review of Religious Research, 1979; 21(1): 62-70. https://doi.org/10.2307/3510156.
- Lifton, R. J. perspective, On death and the continuity of life: a psychohistorical. omega, 1975; 6(2): 143-159. https://doi.org/10.2190/1E3D-35H3-644D-3A6K
- Rayner, M., Vitali, D. CORE blimey! existential therapy scores GOALS! existential analysis: journal of the society for existential analysis, 2014; 25(2): 296-312. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265021877
- Collett, L. J., Lester, D. the fear of death and the fear of dying. the journal of psychology: interdisciplinary and applied, 1969; 72(2): 179-181. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1969.10543496.
- Templer, D. I. the construction and validation of a death anxiety scale. the journal of general psychology, 1970; 82(2): 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1970.9920634
- Abdel-Khalek M. The Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety (ASDA): Its development, validation, and results in three Arab countries. death studies, 2004; 28(5): 435-475. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481180490437572
- Steger, M. F., Frazier, P. the meaning in life questionnaire: assessing the presence of and searching for meaning in life. journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 2006; 53(1): 80-93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80
- Pinel, E. C., Long, A. E., Murdoch, E. Q. a prisoner of one's own mind: Identifying and understanding existential isolation. personality and individual differences, 2017; 105: 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.09.024
- Thorne, F. C. the existential study: a measure of existential status. journal of clinical psychology, 1973; 29(4): 387-392. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(197310)29:43.0.CO; 2-8.
- Good, L. R., Good, K. C. a preliminary measure of existential anxiety. psychological reports, 1974; 34(1): 72-74. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1974.34.1.72.
- Masoudi Sani, R., Bahmani, B.,Asgari, A.,Khanjani, M. S., Pakniya, N. Construction, validity and reliability of existential anxiety questionnaire (QFEA). Clinical Psychology and Personality, 2020; 13(2): 151-162. https://doi.org/10.22070/13.2.151 [In Persian]
- Bruggen, V. V., Klooster, P.T., Westerhof, G., Vos, J., Kleine, E. D., Bohlmeijer, E., Glas, G. The Existential Concerns Questionnaire (ECQ)–development and initial validation of a new existential anxiety scale in a nonclinical and clinical sample. journal of clinical psychology, 2017; 73(12): 1692-1703. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22474
- Mesrabadi, J., Jafariyan, S., Ostovar, N. Discriminative and construct validity of meaning in life questionnaire for Iranian students. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 2013; 7(1): 83-90. https://www.magiran.com/p1143173. [In Persian]
- Human, H. A., Rezaei, N. M., Rezaei, A. M., Shahriar Ahmadi, M., Baratian Aval, M. The study of reliability and validity of existential anxiety scale on students of Ilam high schools. Education psychology studies. 2011; 8(13): 143-165. https://sid.ir/paper/188700/en [In Persian]
- Glas, G. anxiety — animal reactions and the embodiment of meaning. In Bell Fulford KMJZSGS. nature and narrative–An introduction to the new philosophy of psychiatry. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198526117.003.0015. p. 163-177.
- Kline, P. the new psychometrics: science, psychology and measurement London: Routledge; 1999. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315787817.
- Arrindell, W. A., van der Ende, J. an empirical test of the utility of the observations-to-variables ratio in factor and components analysis. applied psychological measurement, 1985; 9(2): 165-178. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662168500900205
- MacCallum, R. C., Widaman, K. F. Sample Size in Factor Analysis. American Psychological Association. 1999; 4(1): 84-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.4.1.84
- Farahani, H., Roshan Chesli, R. Essentials for Developing and Validating Psychological Scales: Guide to Best Practices. Clinical Psychology and Personality. 2020; 17(2): 197-212. https://doi.org/10.22070/cpap.2020.2917 [In Persian]
- Wong, Paul T. P., Reker, G. T., Gesser, G. Death Attitude Profile—Revised: A multidimensional measure of attitudes toward death. In Death anxiety handbook: Research, instrumentation, and application: Taylor & Francis; 2015. 121-148.
- Haratiyan, A. A., Salari, S., Isfahaniyan, M., Dehqani, H. N., Shamsi Nejad, F. S. psychometric properties of the persian version of Death Attitude Profile. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences, 2019; 6(1): 31-39. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs. v6i1.25750
- Costa, P. T., McCrae, R. R. the revised neo personality inventory (neo-pi-r). the SAGE handbook of personality theory and assessment. 2008; 2(2): 179-198. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849200479.n9
- Roshan Chesly, R., Shaeeri, M.R., Atrifard, M., Nikkhah, A., Ghaem Maghami, B., Rahimierad, A. Investigating psychometric properties of â NEO-five factor inventoryâ (NEO-FFI). Clinical Psychology and Personality. 2006; 13(16): 27-36. https://doi.org/ 20.1001.1.23452188.1385.4.1.4.1. [In Persian]
- Nicholas Carleton, R. ., Norton, M.A. J. Peter., Asmundson, Gordon J.G. fearing the unknown: a short version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. Journal of anxiety disorders. 2007; 21(1): 105-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.03.014
- Wilson, E., Stapinski, L., Dueber, D. M., Rapee, R. M., Burton, A. L., Abbott, M. J. psychometric properties of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 in generalized anxiety disorder: assessment of factor structure, measurement properties and clinical utility. journal of anxiety disorders. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102309; 76: 102309.
- Vadive, Balachandran; Azadfar, Zahra; Abu Talib, Mansor; Mutlak, Dhameer A; Suksatan, Wanich; Abd Ali Abbood, Abbas; Sulta, Mohammed Q; Allen, Kelly A; Patra, Indrajit; Hammid, Ali Thaeer; Abdollahi, Abbas; Chupradit, Supat. Intolerance of uncertainty scale-12: psychometric properties of this construct among Iranian undergraduate students. frontiers in psychology. 2022. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.894316; 13: 894316.
- Human, H. A. Multivariate data analysis in behavioral research Tehran: Peak farhang; 2011. [In Persian]
- Dogan, M., Özaydin, Ö., Yilmaz, V. influence of sample size, estimation and normality on fit indices in confirmatory facror analysis. journal of social sciences research. 2015. https://doi.org/10.24297/jssr. v9i2.4939; 9(2): 1822-1835.
- Brown TA. Confirmatory Factor analysis. In Hoyle RH, editor. handbook of structural equation modeling. 2nd ed. New York: The Gulford Press; 2023. p. 261-276.
- Ondé, Daniel; Alvarado, Jesús M. reconsidering the conditions for conducting confirmatory factor analysis. the Spanish journal of psychology. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2020.56; 32(e55): 1-15.
- KOĞAR, H., YILMAZ KOĞAR, E. comparison of different estimation methods for categorical and ordinal data in confirmatory factor analysis. journal of measurement and evaluation in education and psychology. 2015. https://doi.org/10.21031/epod.94857; 6(2): 351-364.
- Jackson, D. L., Gillaspy Jr, J. A., Purc-Stephenson, Rebecca. Reporting Practices in Confirmatory Factor Analysis: An Overview and Some Recommendations. American Psychological Association, 2009; 14(1): 6-23. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014694
- DiStefano, Christine; Hess, Brian. using confirmatory factor analysis for construct validation: an empirical review. journal of psychoeducational assessment. 2005. https://doi.org/10.1177/073428290502300303; 23(3): 225-241.
- Ainur, A K; Sayang, M D; Jannoo, Zeinab; Yap, Bee Wah. sample size and non-normality effects on goodness of fit measures in structural equation models. pertanika journal of science \& technology, 2017; 25(2): 575-586. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299430159_Sample_Size_and_Non-normality_Effects_on_Goodness_of_Fit_Measures_in_Structural_Equation_Model
- Mueller, Ralph O. basic principles of structural equation modeling: an introduction to LISREL and EQS New York: Springer; 1996. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3974-1.
- Habibi, A., Kolahi, B. Structural equation modeling and factor analysis Tehran: Jahad daneghgahi; 2022. [In Persian]
- Xia, Y., Yang, Y. RMSEA, CFI, and TLI in structural equation modeling with ordered categorical data: The story they tell depends on the estimation methods. Behavior Research Methods. 2019. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1055-2; 51: 409-428.
- MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., Sugawara, H. M. power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. American Psychological Association, 1996; 1(2): 130-149. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130
- West, S. G., Wu, W., McNeish, D., Savord, A. model fit in structural equation modeling. In Hoyle RH, editor. handbook of structural equation modeling. 2nd ed. New York: the guilford press; 2023. 182-205.
- Yaslioglu, M., Yaslioglu, D. T. How and when to use which fit indices? a practical and critical review of the methodology. Istanbul Management Journal, 2020; 88: 1-20. https://doi.org/10.26650/imj.2020.88.0001
- Cheung, G. W., Cooper Th., Helena, D., S. Lau, Rebecca., Wang, Linda C. reporting reliability, convergent and discriminant validity with structural equation modeling: A review and best practice recommendations. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management. 2023.1-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-023-09871-y
- Anderson, J. C., Gerbing, D. W. structural equation modeling in practice: a review and recommended two-Step approach. psychological bulletin,1988; 103(3): 411-v423. https://doi.org/0033-2909/88/$00.75
- Alarcón, D., Sánchez, J. A. Assessing convergent and discriminant validity in the ADHD-R IV rating scale: user-written commands for Average Variance Edxtracted (AVE), Composite Reliability (CR), and Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio of correlations (HTMT). Spanish STATA meeting, 2015; 39: 1-39.
- dos Santos, P. M. Cirill, M. Â. construction of the average variance extracted index for construct validation in structural equation models with adaptive regressions. communications in statistics - simulation and computation, 2021; 52(4): 1639-1650. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2021.1888122
- Orcan, F. Comparison of cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega for ordinal data: Are they different? international journal of assessment tools in education, 2023; 10(4): 709-722. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1271693
- Kalkbrenner, M. T. Alpha, Omega, and H internal consistency reliability estimates: reviewing these options and when to use them. counseling outcome research and evaluation, 2023; 14(1): 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/21501378.2021.1940118
- Berman, S. L., Weems, C. F., Stickl, T. R. existential anxiety in adolescents: prevalence, structure, association with psychological symptoms and Identity development. journal of youth and adolescence, 2006; 35(3): 303-310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9032-y
- Baldwin, M. W; Wesley, R. effects of existential anxiety and self-esteem on the perception of others. basic and applied social psychology, 1996; 18(1): 75-95. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15324834basp1801_7
- Feifel, H., Branscomb, A. B. Who's afraird of death? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1973; 81(3): 282-288. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034519
- Becker, E. The denial of death New York, NY, US: Free Press; 1973. [In Persian]
- Shumaker, D., Killian, K., Cole, C., Hruby, A., Grimm, J. existential anxiety, personality type, and therapy preference in young adults. journal of humanistic psychology, 2017; 60(6): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167817702783
- Kazemi, Sh., Khosravi, S. predicting the defense mechanisms based on personality traits in university employees. international journal of pharmaceutical research & allied sciences, 2016; 5(1): 273-279. Predicting the defense mechanisms based on personality traits in university employees - International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Allied Sciences
- Ormel, J., Bastiaansena, A., Riesea, H., Bos, E. H., Servaas, M., Ellenbogen, M., Rosmalen, Judith G.M., Aleman, A. the biological and psychological basis of neuroticism: Current status and future directions. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Review, 2013; 37: 59-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.09.004
- Gershuny B. S., Sher K. J. the relation between personality and anxiety: findings from a 3-year prospective study. journal of abnormal psychology, 1998; 107(2): 252-262. https://doi.org/ 0021-843X/98/S3.00
- Zandi, S., Shahabinejad, Z., Borhan, A. Predicting defense mechanisms based on big five personality traits among university students. ZANKO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 2017; 18(56): 21-32. https://www.sid.ir/paper/113076/fa [In Persian]
- Stanescu, Carolina; Morosanu, Paul. neuroticism, ego defence mechanisms and valoric types: a correlative study. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 2005; 1(1). https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop. v1i1.353
- Dwan, C., Willig, C. existential uncertainty in health care: a concept analysis. journal of evaluation in Clinical Practice, 2020; 27(3): 562-570. https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13536
- Arbona, C., Fan, W., Phang, A., Olvera, N., Dios, M. Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxiety, and Career Indecision: A Mediation Model. Journal of Career Assessment, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727211002564; 29: 699-716.
- Bakioğlu, F., Korkmaz, O., Ercan, H. fear of COVID-19 and positivity: mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. international journal of mental health and addiction. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y; 19: 2369-2382.
- Korkmaz, H., Güloglu, B. the role of uncertainty tolerance and meaning in life on depression and anxiety throughout Covid-19 pandemic. personality and individual differences. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110952; 179: 110952.
- Satici, B., Saricali, M., Satici, S. A., Griffiths, M. D. intolerance of uncertainty and mental well-being: Serial mediation by rumination and fear of COVID-19. international journal of mental health and addiction. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00305-0; 20: 2731-3742.
- Hart, J. what’s death got to do with It? controversies and alternative theories. In Routledge C, Vess M, editors. Handbook of Terror Management Theory: Elsevier, 2019. p. 65-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811844-3.00003-2
- Frankl, V. E. The doctor and the soul; an introduction to logotherapy New York: Knopf; 1955. [In Persian]
- Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., Lorentz, D. understanding the search for meaning in life: personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. journal of personality, 2008; 76(2): 119-228. 00484.x; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007
- Newman, D. B., Nezlek, J. B., Thrash, T. M. the dynamics of searching for meaning and presence of meaning in daily life. jornal of personality, 2018; 86(3): 367-389. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12321
- Miller, Aaron D; Rottinghaus, Patrick J. career indecision, meaning in life, and anxiety: an existential framework. journal of career assessment, 2014; 22(2): 233-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072713493763
- The existential questionnaire (ECQ): A study of validity and reliability. Research and Development on Social Sciences: International Association of Social Science Research, 2018. p. 423-9.
|
